TAXATION OF CRYPTO ASSETS IN UKRAINE: ACCOUNTING MODELS AND EUROPEAN IMPLEMENTATION PRACTICES

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to substantiate theoretical and applied approaches to the taxation and accounting of transactions with crypto assets in the context of the transformation of the tax system of Ukraine and its European integration course. Methodology of research. To achieve the stated purpose, the following research methods are applied: logical generalization and scientific abstraction, structural and comparative analysis, systematization of regulatory documents, as well as analytical methods for interpreting the taxation practice of crypto assets in Ukraine and EU countries. Findings. The economic and legal nature of crypto assets as a tax object is substantiated, approaches to their classification for tax and accounting purposes are generalized, and the specifics of taxation of income of individuals and legal entities from transactions with crypto assets are analyzed, including possible models of value added tax application based on European practice. Methodological principles for documentary confirmation of transactions with crypto assets and ownership rights to them are proposed; tools for integrating AML/CTF requirements into the accounting and internal control systems of enterprises are outlined. It is argued that the implementation of the proposed approaches contributes to increasing the transparency and predictability of the tax regime for crypto assets, reducing tax and compliance risks for market participants, and strengthening the financial security of the tax system in the conditions of «cryptoization» of the economy. Practical value. The proposed theoretical and applied approaches can be used by legislators, tax authorities, enterprises and financial institutions when developing and implementing internal policies for the taxation and accounting of crypto assets, designing procedures for documentary support of crypto transactions and building internal AML/CTF control systems. Their practical application will facilitate the harmonization of the Ukrainian tax framework with European standards in the field of virtual asset regulation and will improve the quality of financial reporting of entities that operate with crypto assets.